New Diagnostic Criteria, Grading Classification, and Risk Factors for Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (SOS)/Veno-Occlusive Disease (VOD

New Diagnostic Criteria, Grading Classification, and Risk Factors for Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (SOS)/Veno-Occlusive Disease (VOD)

Digital FAQ

Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), also known as veno-occlusive disease (VOD), is a life-threatening complication that can occur following hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and is also associated with some anti-cancer drugs, such as gemtuzumab ozogamicin and inotuzumab ozogamicin. It can occur in up to 15% of high-risk patients after HSCT, and almost half of cases present with aggressive disease leading to multiorgan failure with a mortality rate exceeding 80%.

Early diagnosis and severity grading are paramount to reducing mortality, but early identification and severity assessment of SOS/VOD is often difficult secondary to the lack of sensitivity and specificity with traditional diagnostic criteria. Moreover, differing diagnostic criteria for VOD, especially between adults and children, can lead to variable reported incidence and possibly, under recognition and underdiagnosis in patients.

Newer diagnostic and grading criteria have been developed that help overcome these limitations, incorporating the latest insights with SOS/VOD pathophysiology, but clinicians need support in translating these new criteria into routine clinical practice. This digital FAQ, designed with your questions in mind, offers succinct and relevant information for clinicians on an array of questions to support this translation and enhance their diagnostic-therapeutic paradigms for SOS/VOD.

Faculty: Mitchell S. Cairo, MD; Kenneth Cooke, MD

Release Date: April 30, 2025

Expiration Date: April 30, 2026